【九屆通譯杯】大賽輔導(dǎo)-閱讀1

大賽輔導(dǎo)-閱讀1

了解實(shí)施背景和世界新聞走向是口譯員的基本必備素養(yǎng)，也是每日功課之一。閱讀新聞，收聽(tīng)全球媒體新聞播報(bào)是很好的途徑。新聞時(shí)事的內(nèi)容固然重要，但同時(shí)新聞的敘述方式，行文邏輯也值得思考和學(xué)習(xí)。通過(guò)閱讀新聞，我們可以熟悉生詞，增強(qiáng)自己的詞匯、知識(shí)積累，也可以學(xué)習(xí)更地道的表達(dá)方式，devil’s in the details，對(duì)于細(xì)節(jié)的關(guān)注將讓你受益匪淺。

英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)的同學(xué)們可能對(duì)“精讀”這個(gè)概念十分熟悉了，這是一種很好的學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)的方法，但是“精讀”在“精”，不在“多”，閱讀和學(xué)習(xí)的質(zhì)量是關(guān)鍵。今天跟大家分享一則新聞，并通過(guò)精讀的方式進(jìn)行研學(xué)。

原文：

Donald Trump said talks with China were “back on track” after what he called an “excellent” meeting with Xi Jinping at the G20 summit in Osaka.

 “We had a very good meeting with President Xi of China. Excellent, I would say excellent. As good as it was going to be,” Mr. Trump said. “We discussed a lot of things and we’re right back on track. And we’ll see what happens but we had a really good meeting.”

Mr. Trump said at a press conference following the meeting that he had agreed not to impose new tariffs for now. “We agreed that I would not be putting tariffs on $325bn that I would have the ability to put on,” he said.

The US president also appeared to soften his previous stance on Huawei, the Chinese telecoms group. The Trump administration earlier this year put Huawei on the so-called Entity List which made it much harder for US companies to sell to the Chinese company. But Mr. Trump on Saturday said he had decided that “US companies can sell their equipment to Huawei”.

Asked if he was considering removing Huawei from the Entity List, Mr. Trump said: “We are looking at that very carefully.”

G20 leaders have been watching closely to see if the leaders of the world’s two biggest economies could reach an agreement to end a bitter trade war that has escalated over the past year. The two sides were approaching a deal when talks collapsed at the last minute in early May, prompting both sides to blame the other.

The US-China trade truce follows a similar pattern to last year when Mr. Trump and Mr. Xi met at the G20 summit in Buenos Aires in an attempt to find a resolution to a dispute that has seen the imposition of tit-for-tat tariffs on hundreds of billions of dollars of Chinese and American exports.

Trade has been the main focus of this year’s two-day summit. Mr. Xi on Saturday accused rich countries of engaging in protectionism that was “destroying the global trade order”. Shinzo Abe, the Japanese prime minister, recognized that globalization had sparked a “sharp confrontation” between countries, but stressed that governments should ensure that all trade measures complied with World Trade Organization rules.

Mr. Trump told reporters before his meeting with Mr. Xi that the pair had become friends that he believed they would be able to forge an agreement.

“As you know, we’ve had an excellent relationship, but we want to do something that will even it up with respect to trade,” Mr. Trump said. “I think it’s something that’s actually very easy to do.”

“I actually think that we were very close and then?.?.?.?something happened where it slipped a little bit, and now we’re getting a little bit closer,” Mr. Trump added in public remarks to Mr. Xi.

Separately, Mr. Trump on Saturday extended an invitation to meet North Korean leader Kim Jong Un at the demilitarized zone that divides the Korean peninsula when he visits South Korea after the G20.

“After some very important meetings, including my meeting with President Xi of China, I will be leaving Japan for South Korea (with President Moon),” Mr. Trump tweeted. “While there, if Chairman Kim of North Korea sees this, I would meet him at the Border/DMZ just to shake his hand and say Hello (?)!

The White House is making preparations for a meeting by drafting an official invitation which North Korea requested following the tweet, according to a person familiar with the situation.

If Mr. Trump meets Mr. Kim, it would be the third meeting between the two leaders, following their landmark first summit in Singapore last year and a second meeting in Hanoi in February.

精讀分析：

1.       back on track/ be right back on track

回歸正軌，得以繼續(xù)。Track是鐵軌的意思，back on則意味著之前行動(dòng)或事件的發(fā)展軌跡不盡如人意，在糾正之后回歸正軌，引申為得以繼續(xù)進(jìn)行的意思。

2.       to impose new tariffs

tariff，關(guān)稅；與其相配的動(dòng)詞impose，意為施加關(guān)稅。

3.       to soften one’ s stance on something

soften，軟化；即某人在某事上的立場(chǎng)軟化

4.       so-called

這一用法在口譯實(shí)踐中也經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)，是“所謂的”的意思。E.g. the whole so-called philanthropy ball is all an act to show off his wealth.

5.       a bitter trade war

激烈的貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)。這里bitter的用法十分生動(dòng)形象。除了“苦”，bitter本來(lái)就還有激烈的、尖刻的意思。

6.       escalated

升級(jí)，通常是指事件更加緊急，情況更加惡略。

7.       tit-for-tat tariffs

tit for tat, 即“以牙還牙”、“針?shù)h相對(duì)”的意思，同樣的意思還可以直譯為an eye for an eye。在本文中，tit-for-tat作為定語(yǔ)，形容兩國(guó)之間的關(guān)稅措施針?shù)h相對(duì)。

8.       protectionism

保護(hù)主義。即以維護(hù)本國(guó)利益作為是否適用本國(guó)法律的依據(jù)；任何侵害了本國(guó)利益的人，不論其國(guó)籍和所在地域，都要受該國(guó)法律的追究， 使其得到該國(guó)認(rèn)為其應(yīng)有的懲罰。在國(guó)際貿(mào)易中以保護(hù)國(guó)內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)為目的的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策。國(guó)際貿(mào)易中最常見(jiàn)的保護(hù)主義是保護(hù)關(guān)稅政策。

9.       DMZ

即Demilitarized Zone，非軍事區(qū)。也是大家所熟知的“三八線”，1953年7月27日在經(jīng)歷將近三年的朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)后，雙方?jīng)Q定于板門(mén)店簽署了《韓朝停戰(zhàn)協(xié)定》，自此確立了以38度線及其周?chē)貐^(qū)所組成的朝韓非軍事區(qū)。

10.   The White House

這里的 White House，白宮，通過(guò)借代的修辭手法，代指美國(guó)政府。同樣的用法在口譯實(shí)踐中也經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)，如用Beijing 代指中國(guó)政府等。

參考譯文：

美國(guó)總統(tǒng)唐納德?特朗普(Donald Trump)稱(chēng)，與中國(guó)的談判“重回正軌”。他還表示，在20國(guó)集團(tuán)(G20)大阪峰會(huì)上與中國(guó)國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平進(jìn)行了一次“好極了”的會(huì)晤。

特朗普稱(chēng)：“我們跟中國(guó)的習(xí)主席進(jìn)行了一次非常好的會(huì)晤。好極了，我要說(shuō)好極了。像預(yù)期的一樣好。我們討論了很多事，我們又回到了正軌。接下來(lái)我們會(huì)看看會(huì)發(fā)生什么，但是我們真的進(jìn)行了一次非常好的會(huì)晤?！?/span>

特朗普在會(huì)后的一場(chǎng)新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上表示，他已同意暫時(shí)不加征新的關(guān)稅?！拔覀冞_(dá)成一致，我不會(huì)對(duì)我本來(lái)可以加征關(guān)稅的3250億美元（中國(guó)商品）加征關(guān)稅?！?/span>

這位美國(guó)總統(tǒng)似乎還軟化了之前對(duì)待中國(guó)電信設(shè)備制造商華為(Huawei)的立場(chǎng)。特朗普政府今年早些時(shí)候把華為列入所謂的“實(shí)體清單”(Entity List)，大大加大美國(guó)公司向這家中國(guó)公司銷(xiāo)售產(chǎn)品的難度。但特朗普周六表示，他已決定，“美國(guó)公司可以向華為銷(xiāo)售設(shè)備”。在被問(wèn)到是否在考慮將華為移出“實(shí)體清單”時(shí)，特朗普表示：“我們?cè)诜浅Ｗ屑?xì)地考慮這一點(diǎn)。”

G20領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人一直在密切關(guān)注世界最大兩個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)體的元首能否達(dá)成協(xié)議，以結(jié)束這場(chǎng)在過(guò)去一年不斷升級(jí)的痛苦的貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)。今年5月初，雙方已接近達(dá)成協(xié)議，但談判在最后一刻破裂，導(dǎo)致雙方都指責(zé)對(duì)方破壞談判。

此次美中貿(mào)易“休戰(zhàn)”與去年的一幕非常相似：特朗普與習(xí)近平去年在布宜諾斯艾利斯G20峰會(huì)上舉行了會(huì)晤，試圖為這場(chǎng)導(dǎo)致中美兩國(guó)數(shù)千億美元出口商品被針?shù)h相對(duì)加征關(guān)稅的貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端找到解決方案。

貿(mào)易一直是今年為期兩天的G20峰會(huì)的主要焦點(diǎn)。習(xí)近平周六指責(zé)富裕國(guó)家采取貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義，破壞國(guó)際貿(mào)易秩序。日本首相安倍晉三(Shinzo Abe)承認(rèn)，全球化在各國(guó)之間引發(fā)了“激烈對(duì)抗”，但他強(qiáng)調(diào)，各國(guó)政府應(yīng)確保所有貿(mào)易措施都符合世界貿(mào)易組織(WTO)規(guī)則。

在與習(xí)近平會(huì)晤前，特朗普對(duì)記者們表示，兩位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人已成為了朋友，他認(rèn)為他們能夠達(dá)成一項(xiàng)協(xié)議。

“你們知道，我們的關(guān)系很好，但我們希望在貿(mào)易方面做些公平的事情，”特朗普表示，“我認(rèn)為實(shí)際上這做起來(lái)很容易?！?/span>

特朗普在公開(kāi)談到習(xí)近平時(shí)補(bǔ)充稱(chēng)：“實(shí)際上我認(rèn)為我們過(guò)去非常親近，接著……發(fā)生了一些事情，關(guān)系冷淡了一點(diǎn)，現(xiàn)在我們正變得更親近一點(diǎn)?！?/span>

另外，特朗普在周六發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)，希望在G20會(huì)議后訪問(wèn)韓國(guó)時(shí)在分割朝鮮半島的朝韓非軍事區(qū)會(huì)見(jiàn)朝鮮領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人金正恩(Kim Jong Un)。

 “在進(jìn)行了一些非常重要的會(huì)晤后，包括我與中國(guó)習(xí)主席的會(huì)晤，我將（與韓國(guó)總統(tǒng)文在寅(Moon Jae-in)一起）離開(kāi)日本前往韓國(guó)，”特朗普在Twitter上發(fā)布帖子稱(chēng)，“在那里，如果朝鮮的金委員長(zhǎng)看到了這條消息，我愿在邊境/非軍事區(qū)與他會(huì)面，只是為了與他握手問(wèn)個(gè)好（？）！”

據(jù)知情人士稱(chēng)，美國(guó)政府正起草一份官方邀請(qǐng)，為兩人的會(huì)面做準(zhǔn)備，這份官方邀請(qǐng)是朝鮮在特朗普發(fā)表上述帖子后要求的。

如果特朗普會(huì)見(jiàn)金正恩，那將是這兩位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的第三次會(huì)面。去年兩人在新加坡舉行首次里程碑式的會(huì)晤，第二次會(huì)面是今年2月在河內(nèi)。